Martin Heidegger – Language
Language – Intro 982
983 Language speaks man.
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Language brings man and his world into conscious
existence.
Language is neither mimetic or expressive.
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It does not represent and external reality.
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It does no express a pre-existing thought or
feeling.
Language shapes consciousness and perception.
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It calls things into being.
Language manifests with a certain clarity in poetry because:
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Poetry is less concerned with communication, and
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More concerned with imaginative creation.
Language
985 Language belongs to the closet neighbor of man’s being.
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Language is everywhere
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Language is what makes man – man.
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People ponder the universality of language.
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The universal for each thing is its essence or
nature.
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To explore language means to explore the idea of
language and to distinguish it from other ideas.
986 We do not want to force language into a set of ideas.
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or reduce language to a concept.
Language is: our own gathering of appropriations.
-How things manifest and are brought forth by language.
In what way does language occur?
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Language speaks.
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To reflect on language means we need to explore
the speaking of language.
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Within its speaking, not within our own.
987 To reflect on language is to reach the speaking of
language to that grants and abode for the being of mortals to dwell.
Current View:
-
Speech is the audible expression and
communication of human feelings.
-
It infers:
o
Speaking is an expression.
§
The idea of something internal that is
externalized through utterances.
o
Speech is regarded as an activity of man.
§
We don’t say language speaks. This would imply language brings about the
world rather than man.
o
Human expression is always a presentation and
representation of the real and the unreal.
-
Expression is fused with speaking when discussed
in this manner 988.
o
Man’s achievements are incorporated into
language.
o
This mode of thinking has been present for 2,000
years.
o
They still do not bring us to language is
language.
We need to explore the speaking of language in what is
spoken.
Poetry is spoken purely.
Poetry is imaginative even where it seems to be
descriptive.
-
The poet pictures to himself something that
could be present in its precense.
-
In the poems speaking the poetic imagination
gives itself utterance.
-
Speaking calls forth presence.
o
The calling calls into nearness.
o
It brings presence of what was previously
uncalled into nearness.
-
The calling calls things here into the presence,
and there into absence.
Calling names manifests things.
The world – the gathering of things that let stay.
Things as names are manifested as things.
Things they gesture create the world.
There are things, and the world where the things live, as
derived to their relationships with other things.
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World grants to things their presence.
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Things bear world.
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World grants things.
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World and things penetrate each other.
Outside and inside penetrate each other, space and place,
time and being, histocial
and the future.
Dif-frence – not the common usage.
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when thing and world are separated.
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Exists as a singular difference, a uniqueness.
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Where things and world are separate in how they
are one with another.
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Being in the middle it first. Determine world and thing in there presence,
their being toward one another, whose unity is carried out.
-
Again, not as separate, but as how they are
differentiated in their penetrations.
o
Not a distinction or relation.
o
It becomes a dimension 994
Speaking occurs in what is spoken in the poem.
-
It is speaking of language.
-
Language speaks by calling forth in naming and
in the worlding, how they penetrate each other, and how intimacy is formed
through difference.
996 man speaks in that he responds to language.
Heidegger, M.
(2010). In V.B. Leitch (Ed). Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism (pp.
982-985). New York: W.W. Norton & Company.
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