Literary Interpretations - Classical Theory - Roman and Greek

500 B.C.E. - 500 C.E.

     Classic Theory is a fundamental starting point for Western interpretation of literature.  Though a range of views is present, it is Plato, Aristotle and Horace that define the era.  Plato was critical of poetry as it was furthest from his idea of perfect forms.  Poetry was a mere imitation of reality and therefore could not teach truth or morality.  Aristotle believed poetry could reveal truth through the creative act and that poetry had a cathartic effect.  Horace also believed poetry could reveal truth, but placed strict guidelines on its craftsmanship.  He believed the best poetry was fused with moral teachings that would “delight and instruct” its audiences.  The overarching themes are that poetry consists of imitations and representations of nature; poetry was analyzed under its capacity to reveal the truth; and strict guidelines, high morality and decorum should rule its craft and presentation.